Phrasal Verb
A phrasal verb is a combination of words consisting of a verb and a preposition, or a verb and an adverb that give a different meaning to the original verb.
Phrasal Verb
A phrasal verb is a combination of words consisting of a verb and a preposition, or a verb and an adverb that give a different meaning to the original verb.
6 months ago by pak_dosen@pak_dosen
Word Substitution
A word substitution is substituting a word or phrase that has the same meaning or context with another word or phrase in the same language.
Read the text carefully!
Fashion is an entity that knows no boundaries. From an outsider’s perspective, the industry can <b>appear</b> to be all about runway models and celebrity endorsements which are often uninspired but it's counteracted by unbelievable talent, on-style trends and clothing so fashion-forward that we can’t help but jump on the bandwagon. Fashion superpowers Milan, London, New York and Paris have paved the way for the rest of the world to follow suit – pardon the pun – and now Asia is under the spotlight for new quirky trends that have the industry in awe. So much more than kimonos and knock-off handbags, Asia is taking over the industry so grab a front-row seat to the show and get ahead of the curve before someone beats you to it. From the glittering street-style in Seoul to the outrageous cartoonish outfits in Harajuku, cutting-edge clothing is found throughout this glorious continent.
Adapted from: https://www.wingedboots.co.uk/magazine/why-asia-is-the-new-fashion-capital-of-the-world
Which of the following is best to replace the word appear in the second sentence?
a. Arise
b. Emerge
c. Show
d. Occur
e. Seem
The word “appear” is the synonym of arise, emerge, show, and seem. However, this kind of question asks us to find the word substitution. In order to find it, we have to choose the right word that has the same meaning or context with the word “appear”.
The word “appear” is stated in the sentence “From an outsider’s perspective, the industry can appear to be all about runway models and celebrity endorsements ….” (Dari sudut pandang orang luar, industri ini dapat dilihat atau tampak seperti hal yang berkaitan dengan model atau dukungan selebriti…).
Option E (seem) is the best answer because it has the same meaning with the word “appear”.
Appear & seem mean “to show up” or “to come in sight”.
... Read less6 months ago by pak_dosen@pak_dosen
Word Meaning
A word meaning explains the meaning of something (word or phrase). It may sound similar with synonym, but actually it’s different.
Synonym :
Respondents = Interviewees
Word meaning :
Respondents = Those who participate in a survey
Example :
Why recycling is so hard
(1) Why is getting Americans to recycle more so challenging? First, many of them don’t understand waste problems and recycling strategies. Few are aware of the environmental problems waste causes, and most have a hard time connecting individual actions to those problems.
(2) Most people don’t know where their waste goes, whether it includes recyclables or what can be made from them. They may know what day to put out curbside trash and recycling, but are unsure which materials the companies accept. In a 2019 survey of 2,000 Americans, 53% erroneously believed greasy pizza boxes could be recycled, and 68% thought the same for used plastic utensils.
(3) Another 39% of respondents cited inconvenience and poor access to recycling facilities as major barriers. California pays a 5- to 10-cent redemption fee for each beverage container, but the facilities often are inconvenient to reach. For example, the closest to my home in Los Angeles is eight miles away, which can involve driving for an hour or more. That’s not worth it for the few cans my family produces.
(4) Most U.S. consumers are opposed to pollution, of course, but research shows that they seldom view themselves as significant contributors. As taxpayers, they hold local governments responsible for recycling. Many are not sure what happens next, or whether their actions make a difference.
(adapted from: https://theconversation.com/how-to-boost-recycling-reward-consumers-with-discounts-deals-and-social-connections-124389)
What does ‘recycle’ (paragraph 1) mean?
A. Sorting waste into categories
B. Compiling waste for later use
C. Transforming waste into new objects
D. An act of reducing waste pollution
E. Contributing to waste management
Pembahasan :
Tipe soal ini adalah Vocabulary Question yang berfokus pada Word Meaning atau arti/definisi kata. Soal ini bertujuan untuk mencari definisi dari kata recycle yang ada pada paragraf ke-1 bacaan diatas.
Petunjuk definisi recycle terdapat di paragraf ke-2, yakni what can be made from them yang berarti apa yang bisa dibuat dari sampah. Sehingga, dapat disimpulkan bahwa recycle berarti menciptakan sesuatu yang baru dari sampah
Opsi A (Sorting waste into categories) yang berarti menyortir sampah ke dalam kategori tertentu adalah tidak tepat, karena merupakan proses dari recycle, bukan definisinya.
Opsi B (Compiling waste for later use) atau mengumpulkan sampah untuk digunakan kemudian adalah tidak tepat.
Opsi D (An act of reducing waste pollution) atau aksi mengurangi polusi sampah adalah salah, karena merupakan tujuan recycle, bukan definisinya.
Opsi E (Contributing to waste management) atau berkontribusi dalam menanggulangi sampah salah karena bukan definisi recycle.
Jawaban yang benar adalah C (Transforming waste into new objects), yang berarti mengubah sampah menjadi benda baru.
... Read less6 months ago by pak_dosen@pak_dosen
Antonym
An antonym is a word that has a contrast or opposite meaning with another word in the same language. There are 3 types of antonyms:
1. Relational antonym consists of word pairs that show the relationship between two opposites, but one cannot exist without the other.
Example :
Child - parent (there can’t be a child without a parent)
Husband - wife (to be a husband, you must have a wife)
Doctor - patient
Teacher - student
Buy - sell
Give - receive
Borrow - lend
2. Complementary antonym has no middle ground between a word and its opposite. It is absolute.
Example:
Right - wrong (it can't be right or wrong at the same time)
True - false
Boy - girl
Entrance - exit
Push - pull
Dead - alive
Exterior - interior
3. Gradable antonym is an antonym that can be scaled. It typically consists of pairs of adjectives that can be qualified by adverbs, such as very, quite, extremely, etc.
For example, we can say the tickets were expensive or the tickets were cheap. However, as expensive and cheap are gradable (not absolute) antonyms, we can also qualify how expensive or cheap they were :
- The tickets were surprisingly expensive / The tickets were very expensive / The tickets were quite expensive.
- The tickets were incredibly cheap / The tickets were rather cheap / The tickets were undeniably cheap.
Further examples are :
Young - elderly
Hard - easy
Friendly - unfriendly
Hot - cold
Wet - dry
Interesting - boring
Tips for Antonym
1. Expand your vocabulary by reading more books, articles, news, or watching movies using English subtitles. You can also learn from the Thesaurus, a special dictionary containing synonyms and antonyms.
2. Try to apply new vocabulary in your daily life.
Exercise:
1. Which of the following words means the opposite of ‘commence’?
A. Begin
B. Refresh
C. Join
D. Stop
E. Break
Pembahasan:
Commence artinya memulai, jadi lawan kata atau antonim dari commence adalah berhenti; selesai.
Opsi A kurang tepat karena begin artinya memulai. Oleh karena itu, begin merupakan sinonim dari commence, bukan antonim.
Opsi B salah karena refresh artinya menyegarkan.
Opsi C kurang tepat karena join artinya ikut.
Opsi D tepat karena stop artinya berhenti.
Opsi E salah karena break artinya istirahat.
2. What is the antonym of ‘arrogant’?
A. Friendly
B. Innocent
C. Superior
D. Bright
E. Careful
Pembahasan:
Arrogant artinya sombong; angkuh. Antonim atau lawan kata yang tepat untuk arrogant adalah ramah; rendah hati; tidak sombong.
Opsi A tepat karena friendly artinya ramah.
Opsi B tepat karena innocent artinya polos; tidak berdosa.
Opsi C tepat karena superior artinya angkuh; sombong. Oleh karena itu, superior merupakan sinonim dari arrogant, bukan antonim.
Opsi D tepat karena bright artinya cerdas; cemerlang; bijaksana.
Opsi E tepat karena careful artinya cermat; teliti.
... Read less6 months ago by pak_dosen@pak_dosen
Semantics
A synonym is a word that has the same or nearly the same meaning with another word in the same language. Here is the list of words with their synonyms:
Beautiful
attractive, pretty, lovely, stunning
Funny
humorous, comical, hilarious, hysterical
Intelligent
smart, bright, brilliant, sharp
Strong
stable, secure, solid, tough
Kind
thoughtful, considerate, amiable, gracious
Angry
mad, furious, irate
Rich
affluent, wealthy, well-off, well-to-do
Delicious
yummy, tasty, succulent, delectable
Make
construct, build, do, perform
Start
begin, commence
Finish
end, complete, terminate
Examples :
The butterfly is beautiful = the butterfly is pretty
The cake was delicious = the cake was yummy
Once you find questions, such as:
- The underlined word has the closest in meaning to ...
- The underlined word can be replaced with ...
you are asked to find the synonym of the word. These questions are more contextual than the question 'The synonym of the underlined word is ...'.
To answer them, do a double check before choosing the answer. You need to pay attention to the context/situation in order to choose the appropriate word.
TIPS:
1. Expand your vocabulary by reading more books, articles, news, or watching movies using English subtitles. You can also learn from the Thesaurus, a special dictionary containing synonyms and antonyms.
2. Remember, to find the right synonym, you have to pay attention to the situation and conditions because not all synonym words are interchangeable or have the same meaning and connotation.
3. Try to replace one word with another. If the meaning is the same, it means they are interchangeable or have the exact same meaning.
4. Try to apply new vocabulary in your daily life.
Contoh soal
1. The synonym of effort is...
A. attempt
B. chance
C. choice
D. goal
E. achievement
Pembahasan :
Effort artinya usaha; upaya
- Jawaban A benar karena attempt artinya percobaan; usaha
- Jawaban B salah karena chance artinya kesempatan
- Jawaban C salah karena choice artinya pilihan
- Jawaban D salah karena goal artinya tujuan; sasaran; cita-cita
- Jawaban E salah karena achievement artinya prestasi; pencapaian
2. The royal wedding was the talk of the town this week due to the lavish and luxurious decorations.
Which if the following is a synonym for the word "lavish"?
A. Lithe
B. Odious
C. Opaque
D. Opulent
E. Atocious
Pembahasan :
Lavish dalam konteks ini artinya mewah; royal
- Jawaban A salah karena lithe artinya lentur; luwes
- Jawaban B salah karena odious artinya menjijikkan
- Jawaban C salah karena opaque artinya buram; kabur; kusam
- Jawaban D benar karena opulent artinya mewah; makmur; berlimpah
- Jawaban E salah karena atrocious artinya mengerikan; kejam; jahat
... Read less
6 months ago by pak_dosen@pak_dosen